The introduction of orthodontic aligners has revolutionized orthodontic treatment, offering esthetic and removable alternatives to fixed appliances. However, their increasing use has coincided with growing concern about the release of microplastics into the oral environment. The biological consequences of chronic microplastic exposure is proved by evidence from environmental and biomedical research. Current in-vitro evidence on the presence, generation, and potential implications of microplastics is available in the literature. A critical appraisal of in vitro studies reveals microplastic release from orthodontic aligners, largely attributed to mechanical wear, thermal cycling, and chemical degradation in the intraoral milieu. These phenomena appear more pronounced in aligner polymers compared to other dental materials. Ultimately, this issue calls for rigorous research, critical awareness, and responsible clinical practice as orthodontics navigates the balance between innovation and patient safety.